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The reaction of Jewish leaders and organizations to intelligent design has been primarily concerned with responding to proposals to include intelligent design in public school curricula as a rival scientific hypothesis to modern evolutionary theory. Intelligent design is an argument for the existence of God,〔"ID is not a new scientific argument, but is rather an old religious argument for the existence of God. He traced this argument back to at least Thomas Aquinas in the 13th century, who framed the argument as a syllogism: Wherever complex design exists, there must have been a designer; nature is complex; therefore nature must have had an intelligent designer." (Known as the teleological argument) Ruling, Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District, December, 2005〕 based on the premise that "certain features of the universe and of living things are best explained by an intelligent cause, not an undirected process such as natural selection."〔Discovery Institute, Center for Science and Culture. (Questions about Intelligent Design ): What is the theory of intelligent design? "''The theory of intelligent design holds that certain features of the universe and of living things are best explained by an intelligent cause, not an undirected process such as natural selection.''" • (Primer: Intelligent Design Theory in a Nutshell ) Intelligent Design and Evolution Awareness (IDEA) • (Intelligent Design ) Intelligent Design network.〕 Proponents claim that their hypothesis is scientific, that it challenges the dominant scientific model of evolution. This has been dismissed by scientific opposition as pseudoscience,〔National Academy of Sciences, 1999 (Science and Creationism: A View from the National Academy of Sciences, Second Edition )〕 and in the 2005 ''Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District'' federal court case, United States District Judge John E. Jones III ruled that intelligent design is not science and is essentially religious in nature.〔Ruling, Kitzmiller v. Dover Area School District, Case No. 04cv2688. December 20, 2005〕 == Secular Jewish organizations == Secular Jewish organizations have fought against the inclusion of intelligent design in the public school curriculum, generally on the basis that to teach intelligent design in public schools would be a violation of the separation of church and state. According to Jeffrey Sinensky, general counsel for the American Jewish Committee, "Intelligent design is not a scientifically accepted theory, but a religious theory similar to creationism, which has no place in the science classroom of a public school. Any discussion of creationism or intelligent design would be more appropriate in a history or comparative religion class, as opposed to a science curriculum."〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = American Jewish Committee )〕 According to the Anti-Defamation League, "The U.S. Constitution guarantees the rights of Americans to believe the religious theories of creation (as well as other theories) but it does not permit religious theories to be taught in public school science classes. This distinction makes sense, and is ultimately good for religion, because it leaves religious instruction to properly trained clergy and to parents (where religious education properly belongs), it keeps government out of religious controversies, and it ensures that public school classrooms remain hospitable to an ethnically diverse, religiously pluralistic country."〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = Anti-Defamation League )〕 In a survey of doctors conducted under the auspices of the Jewish Theological Seminary, 83 percent of Jewish doctors agreed with the statement that intelligent design is "a religiously inspired pseudo-science" rather than a "legitimate scientific speculation"〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = Louis Finkelstein Institute for Religious and Social Studies at the Louis Stein Center, Jewish Theological Seminary )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jewish reactions to intelligent design」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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